Bioaccumulation and distribution of 137Cs in tobacco cultivated under hydroponic conditions

Authors

  • Jana Guldanová Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
  • Miroslav Horník Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
  • Jana Marešová Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
  • Martin Pipíška Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
  • Jozef Augustín Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1119

Keywords:

137Cs, radiocaesium, bioaccumulation, tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, phytoremediation

Abstract

Potential of plants to uptake metals from soil solution can be successfully applied for removal of long-lived radionuclides such as radiostrontium 90Sr or radiocaesium 137Cs. This work deals with bioaccumulation of Cs in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) hydroponically grown in diluted Hoagland media (HM) spiked with 137CsCl. Speciation analysis using a program Visual MINTEQ showed, that more than 97% of caesium in HM occurred in the form of Cs+ ions. We found that bioaccumulation of Cs significantly decreased from the value 100% to the value 20% removing of Cs from media after 8 days cultivation of plants with increasing HM concentration. However, the concentration ratio (CR) [Cs]shoot : [Cs]root increased with increasing HM concentration from the value 0.10 to the value 0.85. Bioaccumulation of Cs by tobacco plants significantly decreased with increasing CsCl concentration in media from the value 95% found at concentration of CsCl 10 μmol/dm3 to the value 44% at concentration of CsCl 1 000 μmol/dm3. We did not found visual symptoms of Cs toxicity on plants after 8 days cultivation or significant differences in growth rate or transpiration activity at CsCl concentration up to 0.2 mM. However, at > 0.2 mM CsCl concentration the decrease of growth rate and necrosis of young leaves or die-back of leaves (> 2 mM CsCl) were observed. The CR ([Cs]shoot : [Cs]root) increased with increasing concentration of CsCl (10 – 1 000 μmol/dm3) in media from the value 0.10 to the value 0.40. The obtained data suggest that fast growing plant species with high biomass production like tobacco might be a suitable in phytoextraction or rhizofiltration technologies used for 137Cs removing from environment.

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Published

2021-08-31

How to Cite

Guldanová, J., Horník, M., Marešová, J., Pipíška, M., & Augustín, J. (2021). Bioaccumulation and distribution of 137Cs in tobacco cultivated under hydroponic conditions. Nova Biotechnologica Et Chimica, 10(2), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1119

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Section

Research Articles