TY - JOUR AU - Nondlazi, Sinoyolo AU - Ngqwala, Nosiphiwe AU - Zuma, Bongumusa M. AU - Mensah, Paul K. AU - Tandlich, Roman PY - 2019/08/17 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Effect of fly ash-lime treatment on the acute toxicity of greywater towards Daphnia magna JF - Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica JA - Nova Biotechnol. Chim. VL - 18 IS - 1 SE - Research Articles DO - 10.2478/nbec-2019-0008 UR - https://journals.scicell.org/index.php/NBC/article/view/511 SP - 59–65 AB - <p>Acute toxicity of raw and treated greywater towards&nbsp;<em>Daphnia magna</em>&nbsp;was assessed in this study. Treatment was performed with exposure of greywater to the fly-lime mixture After 48 h of exposure, 100 % mortality of&nbsp;<em>D. magna</em>&nbsp;was recorded when testing the following volumetric fractions of the raw greywater streams in the tested liquid medium (%; v/v): 10 % for kitchen greywater, 5 – 10 % for bathroom greywater and 1.25 – 10 % for laundry greywater. After greywater treatment with the fly-ash-lime mixture with pH adjustment to 7.0, 80 % of neonates of&nbsp;<em>D. magna</em>&nbsp;survived after exposure to treated laundry greywater in all dilutions at 48 h. At the same time, 100 % of neonates survived exposure to treated bathroom and kitchen greywater at all volumetric fractions. Therefore greywater had acute toxicity to&nbsp;<em>D. magna</em>, i.e. greywater treatment was required before its discharge or reuse. Values of the Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the chemical components of the raw greywater and treated greywater and the survival of&nbsp;<em>D. magna</em>&nbsp;indicated a lack of statistically significant correlation at 5 % level of significance (<em>p</em>-value &gt; 0.05 in all cases), i.e. the survival of&nbsp;<em>D. magna</em>&nbsp;was independent of the concentration of chemical constituents in greywater samples tested. Further studies will have to be conducted on the chronic toxicity of the greywater effluent after treatment with the fly-lime mixture. Experiments from this study will have to be re-run for the fully scaled-up version of the fly-lime mixture-based greywater treatment systems.</p> ER -